@article {83221,
	title = {Situation Analysis for Oregon{\textquoteright}s Emergent Seaweed Aquaculture Industry},
	year = {2023},
	note = {At present, seaweed aquaculture is an underdeveloped industry in Oregon. Pacific dulse is the only species cultivated today in the state. The industry has, however, great potential, and can provide significant ecological services by cleaning seawater and providing habitat for marine animals. There is potential for mitigating climate change by buffering acidic ocean water and sequestering carbon. It would be worthwhile to investigate possible products such as biofuels, fertilizer and animal feed. Possible negative impacts such as overharvesting of wild stock, lack of genetic diversity, and competition for nutrients should be explored, and a stronger regulatory environment is needed. This is a most interesting introduction to what could be a beneficial and profitable industry.},
	pages = {35 p.},
	institution = {The Nature Conservancy},
	address = {Portland, Or.},
	keywords = {algae, aquaculture, Bandon (Or.), Carbon sequestration, climate, environmental law and policy, Garibaldi (Or.), Newport (Or.), ocean acidification, Pacific dulse = Palmaria mollis, Port Orford (Or.), purple sea urchin = Strongylocentrotus purpuratus},
	url = {https://seagrant.oregonstate.edu/sites/seagrant.oregonstate.edu/files/orseaweedsituationanalysis_final.pdf},
	author = {Considine, Megan E. and Kirchner, Gway and Carter, Jena and Waters, Tiffany}
}
@article {83034,
	title = {Final Coastal, Columbia, and Snake Conservation Plan for Lampreys in Oregon},
	year = {2020},
	note = {The conservation plan described in this document is intended to {\textquotedblleft}identify, acknowledge, and support actions needed to conserve lampreys in the service of the mission of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife{\textquotedblright} (p.3) It gives management strategies and identifies areas needing monitoring, research and evaluation. ODFW acknowledges that it lacks the resources to fully address factors limiting lamprey populations, and will need to coordinate with other groups working on natural resource issues.},
	pages = {192 p.},
	institution = {Oregon Dept. of Fish and Wildlife},
	address = {Salem, Or.},
	keywords = {Alsea River Basin, climate, conservation plans, dams, depleted populations, environmental law and policy, habitats, human impacts, natural resource management, Pacific brook lamprey = Lampetra pacifica, Pacific lamprey = Entosphenus tridentatus (Lampetra tridentata), population biology, predation, River lamprey = Lampetra ayresi, Siletz River Basin, Siuslaw River Basin, streamflow, Umpqua River Basin, water temperature, Western brook lamprey = Lampetra richardsoni, Yachats River Basin, Yaquina River Basin},
	url = {https://www.dfw.state.or.us/fish/CRP/docs/coastal_columbia_snake_lamprey/CPL\%20-\%20Final\%202-14-20.pdf },
	author = {Clemens, Benjamin J. and Anlauf, Kara Janaye and Weeber, Matt and Stahl, Tom and Oregon. Dept. of Fish and Wildlife,}
}
@article {83232,
	title = {Tide gates:  operation, fish passage and recommendations for their upgrade or removal},
	volume = {no.20-001},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Many of Oregon{\textquoteright}s coastal streams and wetlands have tide gates.  This publication is intended to help natural resource managers decide how to treat existing tide gates in order to help migratory fishes and other estuary residents. Should the tide gates be removed, or can they be upgraded to better allow fish passage?  The report has two main sections. {\textquotedblleft}The first includes an overview of the technical aspects of tide gates, including non-traditional ones. The second contains findings from a review of scientific literature about upgrading or removing tide gates as well as conclusions from a review of estuary restoration projects involving tide gates. Based on those findings, we{\textquoteright}re also including recommendations to guide future investments in, and monitoring of, restoration projects associated with tide gates{\textquotedblright} (p.3).},
	pages = {15 p.},
	institution = {Oregon Sea Grant},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, dike removal, environmental law and policy, fish passage, general, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus spp., Salmon River Estuary, Tide gates},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/qv33s4263 },
	author = {Souder, Jon A. and Giannico, Guillermo R.}
}
@article {83230,
	title = {Headwater streams and wetlands are critical for sustaining fish, fisheries, and ecosystem services},
	journal = {Fisheries},
	volume = {44},
	number = {2},
	year = {2019},
	note = {In 2019, the Trump Administration proposed amending the Waters of the United States (WOTUS) Act to narrow the definition of wetlands, and to remove millions of acres from protection. In resonse, the American Fisheries Society published this article, an {\textquotedblleft}AFS Special Report{\textquotedblright} on the value of headwaters and wetlands, particularly of streams that are dry part of the year.  The Biden Administration subsequently reversed the Trump amendment, but the U.S. Supreme Court, in Sackett vs. the Environmental Protection Agency, ruled in favor of narrowing the definition in 2023.  Many aspects of this slow-moving environmental disaster are still in litigation. The article includes a photograph of Crowley Creek on Cascade Head.},
	month = {2019, Feb.},
	pages = {p.73-91},
	keywords = {Calapooia River, Cascade Head National Scenic And Research Area, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, Crowley Creek, depleted populations, ecosystem health, environmental law and policy, general, Oregon chub = Oregonichthys crameri, wetlands, Willamette River},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10229 },
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/n583z1008 },
	author = {Colvin, Susan A. R. and Sullivan, S. and Mazeika P. and Shirey, Patrick D. and Colvin, Randall W. and Winemiller, Kirk O. and Hughes, Robert M. and Fausch, Kurt D. and Infante, Dana M. and Olden, Julian D. and Bestgen, Kevin R. and Danehy, Robert J. and Eby, Lisa}
}
@article {83025,
	title = {Patterns of riparian policy standards in riverscapes of the Oregon Coast Range},
	journal = {Ecology and Society },
	volume = {24},
	number = {1},
	year = {2019},
	note = {This article examines fisheries management in the Oregon Coast Range from the point of view of the entire riverscape, in order to identify critical fish-bearing streams and regulatory gaps that have impacts on the fisheries. Portions of streams that fall under fisheries management plans, as well as those that are unregulated, are identified. There are gaps in protection for riparian areas in private forest lands, and particularly in agricultural lands.  An appendix identifies streams studied and percentages of stream length that fall under major fisheries management plans.  This is an open-access publication.},
	pages = {article 22, 19 p.},
	keywords = {agriculture, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, depleted populations, environmental law and policy, general, geographic information system, habitats, human impacts, logging, natural resource management, Oregon Coast, riparian areas},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-10676-240122 },
	url = {https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol24/iss1/art22/ },
	author = {Boisjolie, Brett A. and Flitcroft, Rebecca L. and Santelmann, Mary V.}
}
@article {83168,
	title = {Climate change and Oregon law: What is to be done?},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Law \& Litigation},
	volume = {33},
	number = {[12]  },
	year = {2018},
	note = {The legal system often seems to change more slowly than the social and environmental milieu in which it functions.  It is encouraging to find good minds looking at the problems caused by climate change and their repercussions on the legal system.  In this article, the authors offer some practical advice Oregonians can use to adjust their laws to climate change.  {\textquotedblleft}We examine two aspects of that response. The first concerns planning and regulation of land, and the second concerns the effects of climate change on property law. We suggest that traditional property law doctrines, such as reliction, avulsion, property boundaries, and public easements should be reexamined in the light of this crisis{\textquotedblright} (p.239). If we are to adapt to climate change, our institutions must adapt, and forward-looking publications like this will help.},
	month = {2018},
	pages = {p.235-323},
	keywords = {climate, environmental law and policy, land use, water use},
	url = {https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/23295},
	author = {Brickley, Alan K. and Schell, Steven R. and Sullivan, Edward J.}
}
@article {76736,
	title = {Linking landscape characteristics and high stream nitrogen in the Oregon Coast Range: red alder complicates use of nutrient criteria},
	journal = {Journal of the American Water Resources Association},
	volume = {50 },
	number = {6 },
	year = {2014},
	note = {Red alder fixes nitrogen, and in the fall and winter it sheds nitrogen into coastal streams.  The result is that many coastal streams have at certain times of the year nitrogen levels that are unacceptably high, according to conventional environmental standards.  Current nutrient models for Oregon coast streams fail to adequately account for this natural process.  {\textquotedblleft}Our results provide evidence, at a regional scale, that background sources and processes cause many Coast Range streams to exceed proposed nutrient criteria, and that the prevalence of a single tree species (N-fixing red alder) exerts a dominant control over stream N concentrations across this region.{\textquotedblright}  (from the Abstract)},
	month = {2014, Dec.},
	pages = {p.1383-1400},
	keywords = {ecosystem health, ecosystem modeling, environmental law and policy, general, nitrate, nitrogen, nutrients, Oregon Coast Range, red alder = Alnus rubra},
	doi = {10.1111/jawr.12194},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/1n79h6293},
	author = {Greathouse, Effie A. and Compton, Jana E. and Van Sickle, John}
}
@article {52416,
	title = {Adapting to climate change on the Oregon coast:  lines in the sand and rolling easements},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Law and Litigation},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2013},
	note = {In this important article, the authors argue that Oregon should be working to strengthen its laws now in order to have the flexibility and legal framework to enable it to adapt to a changing climate and sea level rise.  {\textquotedblleft}Processes are needed to decide what infrastructure will be replaced and what will not before these inevitable events occur. . . .  Planning can ensure that shoreline armoring does not eliminate public access along the shore or total loss of sand on Oregon{\textquoteright}s beaches. Planning tools can make clear that the public access boundary does migrate inland, even if the shoreline migrates onto an inland parcel across which the public does not currently have access.{\textquotedblright} (p.514)},
	pages = {p.447-514},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Alsea Spit, beaches, Cape Lookout State Park, climate change, coastal hazards, environmental law and policy, environmental policy and law, erosion, flooding, Netarts Bay, New River, physical modifications, riprap, sand spits, shorelines, The Capes, Tillamook Bay, tsunamis, wave heights},
	url = {https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/17378},
	author = {Johnson, Courtney B. and Schell, Steven R.}
}
@inbook {26806,
	title = {Goal 16:  estuarine resources},
	booktitle = {Oregon{\textquoteright}s Statewide Planning Goals and Guidelines: },
	year = {2010},
	note = {Gives the text of Oregon Administrative Rule OAR 660-015-0010(1) (Goal 16) .  Goals 16, 17, and 18 are three of Oregon{\textquoteright}s 19 statewide planning goals, which contitute the framework for a statewide program for land-use planning. These goals address the coastal resources of Oregon.  },
	month = {1984 (amended)},
	publisher = {Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development,},
	organization = {Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development,},
	address = {Salem, Or.},
	keywords = {environmental law and policy, land use planning},
	url = {https://library.state.or.us/repository/2010/201007021428415/},
	author = {Oregon. Department of Land Conservation and Development,}
}
@inbook {13551,
	title = {Goal 17:  coastal shorelines},
	booktitle = {Oregon{\textquoteright}s Statewide Planning Goals and Guidelines},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Gives the text of Oregon Administrative Rule OAR 660-015-0010(2) (Goal 17).  Goals 16, 17, and 18 are three of Oregon{\textquoteright}s 19 statewide planning goals, which contitute the framework for a statewide program for land-use planning. These goals address the coastal resources of Oregon.},
	month = {1999 (amended)},
	publisher = {Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development,},
	organization = {Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development,},
	keywords = {environmental law and policy, land use planning},
	url = {https://library.state.or.us/repository/2010/201007021428415/},
	author = {Oregon. Department of Land Conservation and Development,}
}
@inbook {26811,
	title = {Goal 18: beaches and dunes},
	booktitle = {Oregon{\textquoteright}s Statewide Planning Goals and Guidelines },
	year = {2010},
	note = {Gives the text of Oregon Administrative Rule OAR 660-015-0010(3), (Goal 18).  Goals 16, 17, and 18 are three of Oregon{\textquoteright}s 19 statewide planning goals, which contitute the framework for a statewide program for land-use planning. These goals address the coastal resources of Oregon.},
	month = {1988 (amended)},
	publisher = {Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development,},
	organization = {Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development,},
	address = {Salem, Or.},
	keywords = {environmental law and policy, land use planning},
	url = {https://library.state.or.us/repository/2010/201007021428415/},
	author = {Oregon. Department of Land Conservation and Development,}
}
@article {51871,
	title = {Oregon Wetland Planning Guidebook},
	year = {2004},
	note = {This is a valuable look at the regulatory process for wetlands in Oregon: the decision-making process and the agencies involved. },
	pages = {198 pp.},
	institution = {Oregon Dept. of State Lands, Oregon Dept. of Land Conservation and Development},
	keywords = {aquatic vegetation, environmental law and policy, general, land ownership, land use, marsh restoration, natural resource management, salt marsh, wetland delineation, wetland mitigation, wetland restoration, wetland vegetation},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/kd17cx459},
	author = {Oregon. Dept. of State Lands, and Oregon. Dept. of Land Conservation and Development, and Shapiro \& Associates (Seattle, Wash.), and Winterbrook Planning}
}
@booklet {51866,
	title = {Estuary management in the Pacific Northwest : an overview of programs and activities in Washington, Oregon, and Northern California},
	howpublished = {ORESU-H},
	volume = {no. 03-001},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Useful information tables and brief descriptions},
	month = {2003},
	pages = {126 p.},
	publisher = {Oregon State University},
	address = {Corvallis, OR},
	keywords = {environmental law and policy, natural resource management},
	url = {https://digital.osl.state.or.us/islandora/object/osl:23261}
}
@book {25731,
	title = {Making Salmon:  an Environmental History of the Northwest Fisheries Crisis},
	year = {1999},
	note = {An excellent examination of the history behind the factors that combine to kill salmon. A superb bibliography. },
	pages = {421 p.},
	publisher = {University of Washington Press},
	organization = {University of Washington Press},
	chapter = {421 p.},
	address = {Seattle},
	keywords = {abundance, agriculture, dams, depleted populations, environmental law and policy, general, hatcheries, historical, human impacts, industrial development, logging, mining, Pacific salmonid species (Oncorhynchus spp.)},
	author = {Taylor, Joseph E. III}
}
@article {82431,
	title = {Oregon{\textquoteright}s changing coastal fishing communities},
	volume = {no.ORESU-O-99-001},
	year = {1999},
	note = {This publication looks at Oregon fishing communities in the late 1990s, a period of stress and rapid change.  It gives an overview of applicable legislation, explores the concept of sustainability, and reviews community resources.  Appendices compare trolling and trawling, profile fishing towns, and present an extensive bibliography of fishing community studies. },
	pages = {73 p.},
	institution = {Oregon State University. Oregon Sea Grant},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {Astoria (Or.), Bandon (Or.), Brookings (Or.), Charleston (OR.), commercial fisheries, demographics, Depoe Bay (Or.), economics, environmental law and policy, Florence (Or.), Garibaldi (Or.), Gold Beach (Or.), natural resource management, Newport (Or.), Pacific City (Or.), Port Orford (Or.), Reedsport (Or.), sustainability, Winchester Bay (Or.)},
	url = {https://seagrant.oregonstate.edu/sites/seagrant.oregonstate.edu/files/sgpubs/onlinepubs/o99001.pdf},
	author = {Conway, Flaxen D. L. and Cordray, Sheila and Cramer, Lori and Finley, Carmel and Gilden, Jennifer and Goblirsch, Ginny and Smith, Court and Oregon State University. Sea Grant College Program,}
}
@book {25571,
	title = {Landscapes of Promise:  the Oregon Story, 1800-1940},
	year = {1997},
	note = {An excellent overview of Oregon{\textquoteright}s early environmental history. There is an inevitable emphasis on the Columbia and Willamette Rivers, but the author does extend his attention to the whole state. },
	pages = {392 p.},
	publisher = {University of Washington Press},
	organization = {University of Washington Press},
	address = {Seattle, Wa.},
	keywords = {abundance, agriculture, dams, depleted populations, environmental law and policy, general, hatcheries, historical, human impacts, industrial development, logging, mining, Pacific salmonid species (Oncorhynchus spp.)},
	author = {Robbins, William G.}
}
@book {51756,
	title = {The Status of Coastal Steelhead in Oregon in Regards to the Endangered Species Act},
	year = {1994},
	note = {"Submitted to National Marine Fisheries Service on behalf of Association of O \& C Counties." Argues that run-timing has prevented hatchery steelhead from reproducing with native fish populations. One of the many reports submitted to NMFS by various interest groups to prevent salmonid listings under the Endangered Species Act.},
	month = {1994, Nov.},
	publisher = {S.P. Cramer \& Associates},
	organization = {S.P. Cramer \& Associates},
	address = {Gresham, Or.},
	keywords = {agriculture, Alsea Basin, Bandon Fish Hatchery, Chetco River, Coos River, Coquille River, Drift Creek, endangered species, environmental law and policy, Gold Ray Dam, human impacts, industrial development, logging, mining, natural resource management, Nehalem River, Nestucca River, North Fork Nehalem Fish Hatchery, North Fork Trask River, North Umpqua River, reproductive behavior, Rock Creek Fish Hatchery, Rogue River, Salmonberry River (Nehalem River), Siletz River, Siuslaw River, steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss, Trask River, Umpqua River Basin, Wilson River, Winchester Dam, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	author = {Cramer, Steven P. and Van Dyke, Erick S.}
}
@book {51751,
	title = {Status of Oregon{\textquoteright}s Coastal Coho and Measures for Population Rebuilding:  Final Report},
	year = {1994},
	note = {"Final Report: May 1994""Submitted to National Marine Fisheries Service on behalf of Association of O \& C Counties [and the] Illinois Valley Water Rights Owners Association""Although spawning escapements of naturally produced coho have been low in recent years, <u>we do not find convincing evidence that Oregon coho, in general, are in danger of extinction</u>." [emphasis the author{\textquoteright}s] (p.ii)},
	month = {1994, May},
	publisher = {S.P. Cramer \& Associates, Inc.},
	organization = {S.P. Cramer \& Associates, Inc.},
	address = {Gresham, Or.},
	keywords = {agriculture, Alsea Basin, Bandon Fish Hatchery, Chetco River, Coho salmon =  Oncorhynchus kisutch, Coos River, Coquille River, endangered species, environmental law and policy, Gold Ray Dam, human impacts, industrial development, logging, mining, natural resource management, Nehalem River, Nestucca River, North Fork Nehalem Fish Hatchery, North Fork Trask River, North Umpqua River, reproductive behavior, Rock Creek Fish Hatchery, Rogue River, Salmon River, Salmon River Hatchery, Salmonberry River (Nehalem River), Siletz River, Siltez River Hatchery, Siuslaw River, Tenmile Creek, Trask River, Umpqua River Basin, Wilson River, Winchester Dam, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	author = {Cramer, Steven P. and S.P. Cramer \& Associates, Inc.}
}
@book {51616,
	title = {Freshwater Resources, Oregon Coastal Zone:  A Natural Resource Inventory Report to the Oregon Coastal Conservation \& Development Commission},
	year = {1974},
	note = {General reference. Addresses all major coastal streams. Discusses available supplies and potential conflicts. Good precipitation maps.},
	publisher = {Oregon Coastal Conservation \& Development Commission},
	organization = {Oregon Coastal Conservation \& Development Commission},
	address = {Florence, Or.},
	keywords = {Alsea River, Beaver Creek, Big Creek, climate, D River, Drift Creek, environmental law and policy, flooding, hydrology, precipitation, Salmon River, Schooner Creek, Siletz River, Siltcoos River, Siuslaw River, streamflow, Tahkenitch Creek, Tenmile Creek, Umpqua River, water resources, water use, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/7w62fd16j},
	author = {Oregon State Water Resources Board,}
}
@article {17951,
	title = {Summary, Coastal River Regulations, 1878-1950},
	year = {1953},
	note = {Gives the details of fishing regulations from 1878-1950, with a 1974 addendum by Robert E. Mullen for some streams. We learn, for example, that in 1891-1892 "No fixed gear to extend more than one-third distance across streams," or that Beaver Creek was "closed to commercial fishing following 1916."},
	keywords = {Alsea River, Beaver Creek, Chetco River, commercial fisheries, Coos Bay, Coquille River, Dover sole = Microstomus pacificus, Elk Creek, Elk River, environmental law and policy, Euchre Creek, Floras Creek, Hoquarton Slough, Hunters Creek, Kilchis River, Klamath River, Miami River, Neawanna Creek, Necanicum River, Nehalem River, Nestucca River, Netarts Bay, New River, Pacific herring =  Clupea pallasi, Pacific salmonids=Oncorhynchus species, Pistol River, recreational fisheries, Rogue River, Salmon River, Sand Lake, Shad = Alosa sapidissima, Siletz River, Siltcoos Creek, Siuslaw River, Sixes River, Smith River, Starry flounder = Platichthys stellatus, Striped Bass = Morone saxatilis, Tahkenitch Creek, Tenmile Creek, Tillamook River, Trask River, Umpqua River, Wilson River, Windchuck River, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	author = {Gharrett, J. T. (compiler)}
}
