@article {83193,
	title = {Freshwater mussel populations in Pacific Coast watersheds (Oregon, USA): occurrence, condition, habitat, and fish species overlap},
	journal = {Hydrobiologia},
	volume = {850},
	year = {2023},
	note = {Freshwater mussels provide several valuable ecosystem services, including biofiltration, which removes nutrients, sediments, algae, harmful bacteria and heavy metals from the environment. Despite their value, freshwater mussel life cycles are not well understood, and their populations are declining throughout the west. This article concerns the dominant freshwater mussel in Oregon, the western pearl mussel, Margaritifera falcata. {\textquotedblleft}To understand M. falcata population ecology in Oregon{\textquoteright}s coastal watersheds, we analyzed stream survey data on presence/absence of mussels collected over a recent eleven-year period, explored co-varying habitat characteristics, and summarized mussel distribution and host fish co-occurrence. We also collected M. falcata and compared condition indices among eight locations{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract). This is an open-access article. Additional data is included in a supplementary file.},
	month = {2023},
	pages = {p.821{\textendash}839},
	keywords = {Alsea River, Beaver Creek, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, depleted populations, Devil{\textquoteright}s Lake, geographical distribution, life history information, Salmon River, Siletz River, Siuslaw River, Umpqua River, Western pearl mussel = Margaritifera falcata, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-05127-w},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10750-022-05127-w},
	author = {Scully-Engelmeyer, Kaegan and Blevins, Emilie and Granek, Elise F. and Constable, Ronald J., Jr.}
}
@article {83040,
	title = {GIS data and method for determining maximum-considered local and distant tsunami wave arrival data for the Oregon coast},
	volume = {no.O-20-09},
	year = {2020},
	note = {This is a highly technical report showing the methodology used to develop maps giving arrival times for local and distant earthquake-generated tsunamis.  The report discusses issues leading to misleading or untrue wave arrival times and the techniques used to correct these problems.},
	pages = {23 p.},
	institution = {Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries},
	address = {Portland, Or.},
	keywords = {coastal hazards, earthquakes, geology, Oregon Coast, tsunamis},
	url = {https://www.oregongeology.org/pubs/ofr/O-20-09/O-20-09_report.pdf },
	author = {Gabel, Laura L. S. and O{\textquoteright}Brien, Fletcher and Allan, Jonathan C.}
}
@article {83232,
	title = {Tide gates:  operation, fish passage and recommendations for their upgrade or removal},
	volume = {no.20-001},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Many of Oregon{\textquoteright}s coastal streams and wetlands have tide gates.  This publication is intended to help natural resource managers decide how to treat existing tide gates in order to help migratory fishes and other estuary residents. Should the tide gates be removed, or can they be upgraded to better allow fish passage?  The report has two main sections. {\textquotedblleft}The first includes an overview of the technical aspects of tide gates, including non-traditional ones. The second contains findings from a review of scientific literature about upgrading or removing tide gates as well as conclusions from a review of estuary restoration projects involving tide gates. Based on those findings, we{\textquoteright}re also including recommendations to guide future investments in, and monitoring of, restoration projects associated with tide gates{\textquotedblright} (p.3).},
	pages = {15 p.},
	institution = {Oregon Sea Grant},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, dike removal, environmental law and policy, fish passage, general, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus spp., Salmon River Estuary, Tide gates},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/qv33s4263 },
	author = {Souder, Jon A. and Giannico, Guillermo R.}
}
@article {82621,
	title = {Climate vulnerability assessment for Pacific salmon and steelhead in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem},
	journal = {PLoS One},
	volume = {14},
	number = {7},
	year = {2019},
	note = {This article is a major scientific overview of the vulnerability of Pacific Coast anadromous salmonids to climate change. {\textquotedblleft}Nearly all listing units faced high exposures to projected increases in stream temperature, sea surface temperature, and ocean acidification. . . Anthropogenic factors, especially migration barriers, habitat degradation, and hatchery influence, have reduced the adaptive capacity of most steelhead and salmon populations. Enhancing adaptive capacity is essential to mitigate for the increasing threat of climate change. Collectively, these results provide a framework to support recovery planning that considers climate impacts on the majority of West Coast anadromous salmonids{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract). Projections were made about Oregon coast coho salmon.},
	pages = {e0217711},
	edition = {2019, Jul. 24},
	keywords = {Oregon Coast, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus spp., Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, climate change, depleted populations, ecosystem health, endangered species, habitats, hatcheries, human impacts, life history, ocean acidification, water temperatur},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217711 },
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0217711 },
	author = {Crozier, Lisa G. and McClure, Michelle M. and Beechie, Tim and Bograd, Steven J. and Boughton, David A. and Carr, Mark and Cooney, Thomas D. and Dunham, Jason B. and Greene, Correigh M. and Haltuch, Melissa A. and Hazen, Elliott L. and Holzer, Damon M. and Huff, David O. and Johnson, Rachel C. and Jordan, Chris E. and Kaplan, Isaac C. and Lindley, Steven T. and Mantua, Nathan J. and Moyle, Peter B. and Myers, James M. and Nelson, Mark W. and Spence, Brian C. and Weitkamp, Laurie A. and Williams, Thomas H. and Willis-Norton, Ellen}
}
@article {83236,
	title = {Climate vulnerability assessment for Pacific salmon and steelhead in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem},
	journal = {PLoS One},
	volume = {14},
	number = {7},
	year = {2019},
	note = {This article is a major scientific overview of the vulnerability of Pacific Coast anadromous salmonids to climate change. {\textquotedblleft}Nearly all listing units faced high exposures to projected increases in stream temperature, sea surface temperature, and ocean acidification. . . Anthropogenic factors, especially migration barriers, habitat degradation, and hatchery influence, have reduced the adaptive capacity of most steelhead and salmon populations. Enhancing adaptive capacity is essential to mitigate for the increasing threat of climate change. Collectively, these results provide a framework to support recovery planning that considers climate impacts on the majority of West Coast anadromous salmonids{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract). Projections were made about Oregon coast coho salmon.},
	pages = {e0217711},
	edition = {2019, Jul. 24},
	keywords = {Oregon Coast, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus spp., Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, climate change, depleted populations, ecosystem health, endangered species, habitats, hatcheries, human impacts, life history, ocean acidification, water temperatur},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217711 },
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0217711 },
	author = {Crozier, Lisa G. and McClure, Michelle M. and Beechie, Tim and Bograd, Steven J. and Boughton, David A. and Carr, Mark and Cooney, Thomas D. and Dunham, Jason B. and Greene, Correigh M. and Haltuch, Melissa A. and Hazen, Elliott L. and Holzer, Damon M. and Huff, David O. and Johnson, Rachel C. and Jordan, Chris E. and Kaplan, Isaac C. and Lindley, Steven T. and Mantua, Nathan J. and Moyle, Peter B. and Myers, James M. and Nelson, Mark W. and Spence, Brian C. and Weitkamp, Laurie A. and Williams, Thomas H. and Willis-Norton, Ellen}
}
@article {82531,
	title = {Insights into estuary habitat loss in the western United States using a new method for mapping maximum extent of tidal wetlands},
	journal = {PLoS One},
	volume = {14},
	number = {8},
	year = {2019},
	note = {This article recounts the techniques that led to the production of the 2017 maps to model the effects of sea level rise. The authors used lidar digital elevation models and other elevation models to develop new maps of current and historical wetlands on the United States West Coast. Their work shows that about 85\% of historical wetlands have been lost, with most losses near major river deltas. {\textquotedblleft}The new maps will help interested groups improve action plans for estuarine wetland habitat restoration and conservation, and will also provide a better baseline for understanding and predicting future changes with projected sea level rise{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract).},
	month = {2019, Aug. 14},
	keywords = {climate, habitats, human impacts, salinity, sea level, wetland vegetation, wetlands, remote sensing, mathematical modeling},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218558 },
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0218558 },
	author = {Brophy, Laura S. and Greene, Correigh M. and Hare, Van C. and Holycross, Brett and Lanier, Andy and Heady, Walter N. and O{\textquoteright}Connor, Kevin and Imaki, Hiroo and Haddad, Tanya and Dana, Randy}
}
@article {83238,
	title = {Epifaunal Density Differences on Coralline Algae Compared to Fleshy Algae in the Yachats, Oregon Intertidal Community},
	year = {2018},
	note = {Coralline algae are algae that incorporate calcium carbonate into their tissues.  More carbon dioxide in the atmosphere means that there is more carbonic acid in the oceans, and this means negative effects on growth and structure of coralline algae.  If non-calcifying algae out-compete the corallines in a more acidic future, what will this change mean for animals that live on and graze on algae?   The authors of this undergraduate research paper focus on grazing snails. Do snails prefer coralline algae or fleshy algae for grazing? Do non-gastropods have preferences for types of algae?  {\textquotedblleft}We found that gastropods did not have preferences to specific type of algae. In contrast, non-gastropods had a preference towards coralline algae in comparison to fleshy algae. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship coralline algae and epifauna community{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract).  This is a Bachelor of Science research paper.},
	pages = {13 p.},
	institution = {Oregon State University. Dept. of Biology},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {algae, Bossiella plumosa, calcium carbonate, gastropods, Graceful coral seaweed = Corallina vancouveriensis, Grazers, mollusks, Oean acidification, Snails, Yachats (Or.), Yachats State Recreational Park},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/9880vw834 },
	author = {Gani, Christopher D. and Field, Samuel J.}
}
@article {83011,
	title = {Expansion and systematics redefinition of the most threatened freshwater mussel family, the Margaritiferidae},
	journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution},
	volume = {127},
	year = {2018},
	note = {In this article, the evolution, distribution and taxonomy of the freshwater pearl mussel family, Margaritiferidae, is explored. Fossils as well as genetic data were used to model the diversification of this family.  Maps, charts.},
	month = {2018, Oct.},
	pages = {p.98-118},
	keywords = {aquatic invertebrates, bivalves, evolution, general, genetics, geographic distribution, molluscs, morphology, mussels, phylogeny, taxonomy},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.04.041 },
	author = {Lopes-Lima, Manuel and Bolotov, Ivan N. and Do, Van Tu and Aldridge, David C. and Fonseca, Miguel M. and Gan, Han Ming and Gofarov, Mikhail Y. and Kondakov, Alexander V. and Pri{\'e}, Vincent and Sousa, Ronaldo and Varandas, Simone and Vikhrev, Ilya V. and Teixeira, Amilcar and Wu, Rui-Wen and Wu, Xiaoping and Zieritz, Alexandra and Froufe, Elsa and Bogan, Arthur E.}
}
@article {80266,
	title = {Sea star wasting disease in the keystone predator <i>Pisaster ochraceus</i> in Oregon: insights into differential population impacts, recovery, predation rate, and temperature effects from long-term research},
	journal = {PLoS One},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2016},
	note = {The Sea Star Wasting Disease episode of 2013-2015 was one of the largest marine epidemics ever recorded.  At some sites, over 90\% of sea stars were killed.  This paper focuses on an important sea star in Oregon, the keystone predator, the ochre sea star Pisaster ochraceus.  By feeding on mussels and barnacles, the ochre sea star creates space in the intertidal for other organisms, including kelp, chitons, anemones, limpets and sea urchins.  Will the deaths of so many predators cause a rapid expansion of their prey?  Will the structure of the intertidal zone be changed for many years?  The authors suggest that there is a need {\textquotedblleft}for detailed coast-wide investigation of the effects of this outbreak.{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract) The causes of the outbreak are investigated, and detailed descriptions of environmental factors and population numbers are given.  There is a link to an important correction associated with this article.},
	keywords = {Cape Meares, Fogarty Creek, Boiler Bay, Seal Rock, Yachats Beach, Strawberry Hill, Tokatee Klootchman, Cape Arago, Cape Blanco, Port Orford Head, Rocky Point, Ochre sea star = Pisaster ochraceus, California mussel = Mytilus californianus, community ecol},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157302 },
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0153994},
	author = {Menge, Bruce A. and Cerny-Chipman, Elizabeth B. and Johnson, Angela and Sullivan, Jenna and Gravem, Sarah and Chan, Francis}
}
@article {76981,
	title = {Coastal flood hazard study, Lincoln County, Oregon},
	volume = {no.O-15-06},
	year = {2015},
	note = {This is a technical document giving the factors and assumptions behind the flood hazard study. There are some colored maps and discussions of some sites, but it does not give the final maps.  {\textquotedblleft}The objective of the Lincoln County coastal flood hazard project is to develop a digital flood insurance rate map (DFIRM) and flood insurance study (FIS) report for Lincoln County, Oregon. . . DOGAMI has been contracted to perform detailed coastal flood hazard studies for the entire length of the Lincoln County shoreline of the Pacific Ocean.{\textellipsis}{\textquotedblright} (p.1)},
	pages = {351 p.},
	institution = {Oregon Dept. of Geology and Mineral Industries},
	address = {Portland, Or.},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Alsea Spit, climate, coastal hazards, Depoe Bay, erosion, flooding, Fogarty Creek, geography, geology, Lincoln County (Or.), paleosciences, precipitation, Rocky Creek, Salmon River Estuary, Siletz Bay, Siletz Spit, Waldport (Or.), Whale Cove, Yachats (Or.), Yachats River, Yaquina Bay, Yaquina Head},
	url = {https://www.oregongeology.org/pubs/ofr/O-15-06_Lincoln.pdf },
	author = {Allan, Jonathan C. and Ruggiero, Peter and Cohn, Nick and Garcia, Gabriel and O{\textquoteright}Brien, Fletcher E. and Stimely, Laura L. and Roberts, Jed T.}
}
@article {80231,
	title = {An Inventory and Classification of U.S. West Coast Estuaries},
	year = {2014},
	note = {{\textquotedblleft}To support restoration, enhancement and conservation of the ecosystem values of U.S. West Coast estuaries, we need first to inventory and classify those estuarine systems using a common scheme. Previous efforts have noted this need and responded with inventories, assessments and classifications of estuaries along the West Coast, but generally only for a subset, and often focused on larger estuaries.{\textquotedblright}  This document provides classification data for 691 estuaries in Washington, Oregon and California.},
	pages = {81 p.},
	institution = {The Nature Conservancy},
	address = {Arlington, Va. },
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River estuary, Coos Bay, Coquille River estuary, Devil{\textquoteright}s Lake, Depoe Bay, Little Creek, Beaver Creek, Rock Creek, Big Creek, Yachats River, Tenmile Creek, Siltcoos River, Tahkenitch Creek, Necanicum River estuar},
	url = {https://www.scienceforconservation.org/assets/downloads/West-Coast-Estuary-Inventory-2014.pdf},
	author = {Heady, Walter N. and O{\textquoteright}Connor, Kevin and Kassakian, Jennifer and Doiron, Kate and Endris, Charles and Hudgens, Daniel and Clark, Ross P. and Carter, Jena and Gleason, Mary G.}
}
@article {76736,
	title = {Linking landscape characteristics and high stream nitrogen in the Oregon Coast Range: red alder complicates use of nutrient criteria},
	journal = {Journal of the American Water Resources Association},
	volume = {50 },
	number = {6 },
	year = {2014},
	note = {Red alder fixes nitrogen, and in the fall and winter it sheds nitrogen into coastal streams.  The result is that many coastal streams have at certain times of the year nitrogen levels that are unacceptably high, according to conventional environmental standards.  Current nutrient models for Oregon coast streams fail to adequately account for this natural process.  {\textquotedblleft}Our results provide evidence, at a regional scale, that background sources and processes cause many Coast Range streams to exceed proposed nutrient criteria, and that the prevalence of a single tree species (N-fixing red alder) exerts a dominant control over stream N concentrations across this region.{\textquotedblright}  (from the Abstract)},
	month = {2014, Dec.},
	pages = {p.1383-1400},
	keywords = {ecosystem health, ecosystem modeling, environmental law and policy, general, nitrate, nitrogen, nutrients, Oregon Coast Range, red alder = Alnus rubra},
	doi = {10.1111/jawr.12194},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/1n79h6293},
	author = {Greathouse, Effie A. and Compton, Jana E. and Van Sickle, John}
}
@article {76436,
	title = {Nursery Functions of U.S. West Coast Estuaries:  The State of Knowledge for Juveniles of Focal Invertebrate and Fish Species},
	year = {2014},
	note = {This report summarizes what is known about the role of estuaries as nurseries for important aquatic species. The authors inventoried 303 West Coast estuaries and categorized each by class (lagoonal, riverine, embayment and sound) and subclass (estuarine coastal subtidal, tidal channel/creek, slough and lagoon). They examined 15 different species that used estuaries and noted what is known and not known about their life cycles and use of estuaries. {\textquotedblleft}Together with the estuary inventory and the geodatabase, this report represents the first stage in a larger effort to better understand the nursery functions of West Coast estuaries for fish and invertebrates.{\textquotedblright} (p.3)},
	pages = {168 p.},
	institution = {The Nature Conservancy},
	address = {Arlington, Va.},
	keywords = {aquatic invertebrates, Bat stingray = Myliobatus californicus (Aetobatus californicus), Bay shrimp = Crangon franciscorum, Brown rockfish = Sebastes auriculatus, California halibut = Paralichthys californicus, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, crustaceans, Dungeness crab =   Metacarcinus magister (Cancer magister), eelgrass = Zostera marina, English sole = Parophrys vetulus, estuaries, fishes, general, geographic distribution, Green sturgeon = Acipenser medirostris, habitats, juvenile fish, Leopard shark = Triakis semifasciata, life history information, Oregon, Pacific Coast, Pacific herring =  Clupea pallasi, Pacific staghorn sculpin = Leptocottus armatus, Shiner perch = Cymatogaster aggregate, Starry flounder = Platichthys stellatus, steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss},
	url = {https://www.scienceforconservation.org/products/nursery-functions-of-estuaries},
	author = {Hughes, Brent B. and Levey, Matthew D. and Brown, Jennifer A. and Fountain, Monique C. and Carlisle, Aaron B. and Litvin, Steven Y. and Greene, Correigh M. and Heady, Walter N. and Gleason, Mary G.}
}
@article {54886,
	title = {Tsunami impact to Washington and northern Oregon from segment ruptures on the southern Cascadia subduction zone},
	journal = {Natural Hazards},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2014},
	note = {All who live on the West Coast of the United States should be aware of the possibility of a major  earthquake occurring.  But what if only a part of the subduction zone ruptures?  This article examines a possible rupture in the southern half of the Cascadia Subduction Zone (south of Alsea Bay, Oregon).  The authors ask important questions. How quickly does tsunami wave height decline north of the southern rupture areas?  How much time do communities north of the southern rupture areas have to evacuate before the first inundation and the largest inundation occur? How far north of the southern rupture areas will felt shaking likely trigger evacuation of a populace trained to evacuate for a local earthquake? (p.851) The authors address these questions using a 10,000-year record of offshore turbedite deposits and  a ~4,600-year record of tsunami deposits at Bradley Lake.},
	month = {2014, Jun.},
	pages = {p.849-870},
	keywords = {Bandon (Or.), Brookings (Or.), Cannon Beach (Or.), Cape Blanco, coastal hazards, Columbia River, Coos Bay, Crescent City (Cal.), Depoe Bay (Or.), earthquakes, Florence (Or.), geology, Gold Beach (Or.), Grays Harbor (Wa.), Lincoln City (Or.), Long Beach (Wa.), Manzanita (Or.), Netarts Bay, Newport (Or.), Pacific City (Or.), paleosciences, Port Orford (Or.), Rockaway (Or.), Seaside (Or.), Tillamook Bay, tsunamis, Waldport (Or.), Winchester Bay},
	doi = {10.1007/s11069-014-1041-7},
	author = {Priest, George R. and Zhang, Yinglong and Witter, Robert C. and Wang, Kelin and Goldfinger, Chris and Stimely, Laura L.}
}
@article {52061,
	title = {Statistical analyses of great earthquake recurrence along the Cascadia Subduction Zone},
	journal = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America},
	volume = {103 },
	year = {2013},
	note = {This is a mathematical massaging of ten thousand years of data about past earthquakes in the Pacific Northwest.  When might we expect the next major earthquake?  Could we be in a gap period between earthquake cycles? },
	month = {2013, Dec.},
	pages = {p. 1{\textendash}17},
	keywords = {coastal hazards, earthquakes, general, geology, paleosciences, physical, sediments, statistics},
	doi = {doi: 10.1785/0120120105 },
	author = {Kulkarni, Ram and Wong, Ivan and Zachariasen, Judith and Goldfinger, Chris and Lawrence, Martin}
}
@article {54631,
	title = {Tsunami inundation scenarios for Oregon},
	volume = {no. O-13-19},
	year = {2013},
	note = {This technical document accompanies the 2013 tsunami inundation map series for coastal Oregon.  It describes the methodology used to produce the maps.  In addition to the report, the CD includes GIS shapefiles with embedded metadata.},
	pages = {17 p.},
	institution = {Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries},
	address = {Portland, Or.},
	keywords = {coastal hazards, earthquakes, general, maps, mathematical modeling, Oregon, tsunamis},
	url = {https://www.oregongeology.org/pubs/ofr/O-13-19.pdf},
	author = {Priest, George R. and Witter, Robert C. and Zhang, Y. Joseph and Wang, Kelin and Goldfinger, Chris and Stimely, Laura L. and English, John T. and Pickner, Sean G. and Hughes, Kaleena L. B. and Wille, Taylore E. and Smith, Rachel L. and Oregon. Department of Geology and Mineral Industries,}
}
@article {26966,
	title = {Ecological Baselines for Oregon{\textquoteright}s Coast: a Report for Agencies That Manage Oregon{\textquoteright}s Coastal Habitats for Ecological and Economic Sustainability, and for All Who Are Interested in the Welfare of Wildlife That Inhabit Our Coast and Its Estuaries},
	year = {2012},
	note = {"We begin this report with a chapter reviewing archaeological, ethnographic, and historic materials to provide a picture of Oregon{\textquoteright}s coastal resources before 1750. Subsequent chapters consider salmon, sea otters, and sub-tidal sea urchins." (p.7)},
	pages = {79 p.},
	institution = {Oregon State University},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {archeology, Coquille River estuary, ecosystem health, general ecosystem description, historical, marsh restoration, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus species, purple sea urchin = Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, red sea urchin = Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, Salmon River Estuary, Sea otter = Enhydra lutris},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/6d56zx411},
	author = {Hall, Roberta L. and Ebert, Thomas A. and Gilden, Jennifer S. and Hatch, David R. and Mrakovcich, Karina Lorenz and Smith, Courtland L.}
}
@article {51961,
	title = {Predators make (temporary) escape from coevolutionary arms race},
	journal = {PLoS Biology},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2008},
	note = {The rough-skinned newt has a potent defense, a neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin, which it secretes from its skin glands.  Tetrodotoxin is one of the most poisonous substances in the entire animal kingdom, and one would think it would make the newt invulnerable.  Not so.  The common garter snake has evolved a defense that enables it to devour rough-skinned newts with gusto.  This fascinating article discusses studies at 28 West Coast sites of the evolving relationship between predator and prey and includes a photograph that was taken at Yachats of a garter snake swallowing a rough-skinned newt.},
	month = {2008, Mar. 11},
	pages = {p.e75},
	keywords = {amphibians, Common garter snake = Thamnophis sirtalis, evolution, predation, reptiles, Rough-skinned newt = Taricha granulosa, Yachats River},
	doi = {doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060075},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article/info\%3Adoi\%2F10.1371\%2Fjournal.pbio.0060075},
	author = {Gross, Liza}
}
@article {51881,
	title = {Updated status of federally listed ESUs of west coast salmon and steelhead},
	volume = {no.66},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {598 pp.},
	institution = {U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center,},
	address = {Seattle, Wash.},
	keywords = {Alsea River, Beaver Creek, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, chum salmon  = Oncorhynchus keta, Coho salmon =  Oncorhynchus kisutch, Coos Bay, Coquille River, depleted populations, Devil{\textquoteright}s Lake, fecundity, genetics, hatcheries, human impacts, hybridization, Necanicum River, Nehalem River, Nestucca River, population biology, population count, reproductive behavior, Rogue River, Salmon River, salmonid species, Sand Lake, Siletz River, Siuslaw River, statistical analysis, steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss, Tenmile Lake, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River Basin, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	url = {https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/3413},
	editor = {Good, Thomas P. and Waples, Robin S. and Adams, Pete (eds.)}
}
@article {12181,
	title = {Cascadia tsunami deposit database [electronic resource]},
	volume = {no.03-13},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {24 p.},
	address = {[Menlo Park, Calif.]},
	keywords = {bibliography, coastal hazards, earthquakes, geology, landslides, tsunamis},
	url = {https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr0313},
	author = {Peters, Robert and Jaffe, Bruce and Gelfenbaum, Guy and Peterson, Curt}
}
@article {13776,
	title = {Recovery of wild salmonids in Western Oregon lowlands},
	volume = {no.2002-1},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Focus on lower rivers and estuaries. Good summaries of states of streams. Appendix B gives stream miles that meet EPA 303(d) water quality standards.},
	pages = {169 p.},
	institution = {Independent Multidisciplinary Science Team,},
	address = {Salem, Or.},
	keywords = {estuaries, habitat restoration, human impacts, Oncorhynchus spp., salmon},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/7d278t113},
	author = {Independent Multidisciplinary Science Team, and Buckhouse, John and Elmore, Wayne and Gregory, Stanley and Kavanagh, Kathleen and Pearcy, William G. and Schreck, Carl B.}
}
@article {33681,
	title = {Midcoast Sixth Field Watershed Assessment:  Final Report},
	year = {2001},
	note = {Extensive maps.},
	month = {2001},
	institution = {Midcoast Watersheds Council},
	address = {Newport, Or.},
	keywords = {Alsea River estuary, biological, coho salmon=Oncorhynchus kisutch, habitat conservation, hydrology, land ownership, land use, landslides, map, physical, Salmon River Estuary, sediments, Siletz River estuary, steelhead=Oncorhynchus mykiss, water quality data, water temperature data, wetland delineation, Yachats River estuary, Yaquina Bay, Yaquina River, Yaquina River Basin},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/fn107338m},
	author = {Garono, Ralph and Brophy, Laura and Midcoast Watersheds Council}
}
@article {82431,
	title = {Oregon{\textquoteright}s changing coastal fishing communities},
	volume = {no.ORESU-O-99-001},
	year = {1999},
	note = {This publication looks at Oregon fishing communities in the late 1990s, a period of stress and rapid change.  It gives an overview of applicable legislation, explores the concept of sustainability, and reviews community resources.  Appendices compare trolling and trawling, profile fishing towns, and present an extensive bibliography of fishing community studies. },
	pages = {73 p.},
	institution = {Oregon State University. Oregon Sea Grant},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {Astoria (Or.), Bandon (Or.), Brookings (Or.), Charleston (OR.), commercial fisheries, demographics, Depoe Bay (Or.), economics, environmental law and policy, Florence (Or.), Garibaldi (Or.), Gold Beach (Or.), natural resource management, Newport (Or.), Pacific City (Or.), Port Orford (Or.), Reedsport (Or.), sustainability, Winchester Bay (Or.)},
	url = {https://seagrant.oregonstate.edu/sites/seagrant.oregonstate.edu/files/sgpubs/onlinepubs/o99001.pdf},
	author = {Conway, Flaxen D. L. and Cordray, Sheila and Cramer, Lori and Finley, Carmel and Gilden, Jennifer and Goblirsch, Ginny and Smith, Court and Oregon State University. Sea Grant College Program,}
}
@book {36746,
	title = {Status review of coastal cutthroat trout from Washington, Oregon, and California},
	series = {NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NWFSC},
	year = {1999},
	note = {The Biological Review Team concluded that coastal stocks of cutthroat trout were not presently at risk of extinction.  Appendix 1-A gives the known history of hatchery releases in streams and lakes.},
	month = {1999},
	publisher = {Northwest Fisheries Science Center},
	organization = {Northwest Fisheries Science Center},
	address = {[Seattle, Wash.]},
	keywords = {Alsea Fish Hatchery, Alsea River, Chetco River, Coos Bay, Coos River, Coquille River, cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki, Devils Lake, endangered species, environmental policy and law, general ecosystem description, genetics, hatcheries, history, Kilchis River, life history information, Miami River, Millicoma River, natural resource management, Necanicum River, Nehalem River, Nestucca River, population biology, population count, Rogue River, Salmon River, salmonid species, Sand Creek, Siltcoos Lake, Siuslaw River, Smith River, statistics, Tahkenitch Lake, Tenmile Creek, Tillamook River, Trask River, Umpqua River, Wilson River, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	url = {https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/3066},
	author = {Johnson, Orlay W. and Ruckelshaus, Mary H. and Grant, W. Stewart and Waknitz, F. William and Garrett, Ann M. and Bryant, Gregory J. and Neely, Kathleen and Hard, Jeffrey J. and Northwest Fisheries Science Center (U.S.),}
}
@article {51831,
	title = {Status review of chinook salmon from Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and California},
	volume = {no.35},
	year = {1998},
	note = {NOAA seems to have an earlier version of this report (their version, Dec. 1997) on their website as the source for the online copy. The team studying Chinook salmon felt that for the Oregon Coast this species is not in danger of extinction, nor thought to become extinct "in the forseeable future" (p.249).  Appendix D gives the known history of hatchery releases.  },
	pages = {443 pp.},
	institution = {U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service},
	address = {[Seattle, Wash.] },
	keywords = {Alsea River, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Coos River, Coquille River, endangered species, environmental policy and law, general ecosystem description, genetics, hatcheries, history, Kilchis River, life history information, Miami River, Millicoma River, natural resource management, Necanicum River, Nehalem River, Nestucca River, population biology, population count, Salmon River, salmonid species, Siletz River, Siuslaw River, statistics, Tillamook River, Trask River, Umpqua River, Wilson River, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	url = {https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/3034},
	author = {Myers, James M. and Kope, Robert G. and Bryant, Gregory J. and Teel, David; and Lierheimer, Lisa J. and Wainwright, Thomas C. and Grant, W. Stewart and Waknitz, F. William and Neely, Kathleen and Lindley, Steven T. and Waples, Robin S.}
}
@article {51801,
	title = {A Biological Survey of Rocky Shores in Oregon:  Data Entry and Preliminary Analysis / Report Prepared for the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife},
	year = {1997},
	note = {There are many guides to Oregon{\textquoteright}s rocky shores. This one is unique in that the author attempted to match species to locations. If you want to know if a certain kind of algae or anemone was found in 1994 (the year of the survey) at Boiler Bay, or any of the locations studied, this is a great resource.  },
	pages = {51 p.},
	keywords = {algae, aquatic invertebrates, Boiler Bay, Cape Blanco, Cape Ferrelo, Cape Lookout, Chetco Cove, habitats, Humbug Mountain, North Boardman, North Cove, Otter Crest, Rocky Point, spatial distribution, species list, Sunset Bay, vertical distribution, Yachats},
	url = {https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/6050},
	author = {Goddard, Jeff}
}
@article {51766,
	title = {Petrology of late Eocene lavas erupted in the forearc of central Oregon},
	volume = {no.95-40},
	year = {1995},
	note = {This study contrasts two late-Eocene basalt flows in coastal Oregon, with particular emphasis on geochemistry. Extensive charts, maps. },
	pages = {58 p.},
	keywords = {Cape Perpetua, Cascade Head, Cascade Head Basalt, chemistry, geology, paleosciences, petrography, Siletz River Volcanics, volcanism, Yachats Basalt},
	url = {https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0040/report.pdf},
	author = {Davis, A. S. and Snavely, Parke D. and Gray, Leda-Beth and Minasian, D. L. and Geological Survey (U.S.),}
}
@article {83235,
	title = {The relationship of morphology and material to landslide occurrence along the coastline in Lincoln County, Oregon},
	journal = {Oregon Geology},
	volume = {44},
	number = {9},
	year = {1992},
	note = {{\textquotedblleft}The exact locations of 153 landslides were delineated within a 2. I-km-wide strip along the Lincoln County, Oregon, coastline.{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract)  Map, tables, bw photographs of landslides, mostly from the Newport area.  A good read for anyone considering buying property on the coast.},
	month = {1982, Sep.},
	pages = {p.99-102},
	keywords = {Lincoln County (Or.), Cascade Head, Siletz Bay, Lincoln City (Or.), Cape Foulweather, Otter Crest, Beverly Beach, Yaquina Head, Agate Beach, Nye Beach, Newport (Or.), Yaquina Bay, Beaver Creek, Waldport (Or.), Alsea Bay, Bayshore Spit, Yachats (Or.), Ca},
	url = {https://pubs.oregon.gov/dogami/og/OGv44n09.pdf},
	author = {Gentile, John Richard}
}
@mastersthesis {51686,
	title = {Bioenergetics of yolk utilization in embryos and yolk-sac larvae of the surf-smelt <i>Hypomesus pretiosus pretiosus</i> (Girard, 1855) under different incubation temperatures},
	year = {1983},
	note = {The eggs studied were collected from a beach 1500 meters from the entrance to the Yachats River. This is a study of the early life history of the surf smelt, from fertilized egg to yolk sac absorption. "The surf-smelt Hypomesus pretlosus pretiosus is biologically interesting due to its peculiar habits of spawning. This fish takes advantage of the breaklng surf of the outer sea-coast zone of the Pacific Northwest, where shifting sand and gravel serve as spawing substrate. Spawning activity occurs high on the beach and corresponds with tidal cycles as they affect the beach."  (p.2)},
	pages = {53 pp.},
	school = {Oregon State University},
	type = {Masters Thesis},
	edition = {M. S.},
	chapter = {School of Oceanography},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {air temperature, juvenile fish, life history information, sediments, spatial distribution, Surf smelt = Hypomesus pretiosis, water temperature, Yachats River},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/2b88qf948},
	author = {Garreton, Marta S.}
}
@article {80206,
	title = {The law of the coast in a clamshell:  Part VIII:  the Oregon approach},
	journal = {Shore and Beach},
	volume = {50 },
	year = {1982},
	note = {This article, written by the Attorney General of Oregon at the time, gives an overview of Oregon{\textquoteright}s coastal laws.  The article looks at land ownership, access rights, leasing, determination of tidal boundaries, and Oregon{\textquoteright}s Public Trust doctrine.  The 1967 Oregon Beach Law is referenced.  A helpful vocabulary gives a legal lexicon for shoreline changes.  A good look at the laws as of 1982.},
	month = {1982, Jul.},
	pages = {p.16-23},
	keywords = {Oregon, environmental law and policy, land ownership, tidelands, beaches, Beach Bill},
	author = {Graber, Peter H. F.}
}
@article {51261,
	title = {The relationship of morphology and material to landslide occurrence along the coastline in Lincoln County, Oregon},
	journal = {Oregon Geology},
	volume = {44},
	year = {1982},
	note = {{\textquotedblleft}The exact locations of 153 landslides were delineated within a 2. I-km-wide strip along the Lincoln County, Oregon, coastline.{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract)  Map, tables, bw photographs of landslides, mostly from the Newport area.  A good read for anyone considering buying property on the coast.},
	month = {1982, Sep.},
	pages = {p.99-102},
	keywords = {Agate Beach, Alsea Bay, Bayshore Spit, Beaver Creek, Beverly Beach, Cape Foulweather, Cape Perpetua, Cascade Head, coastal hazards, erosion, geology, landslides, Lincoln City (Or.), Lincoln County (Or.), Newport (Or.), Nye Beach, Otter Crest, Siletz Bay, Waldport (Or.), Yachats (Or.), Yaquina Bay, Yaquina Head},
	url = {https://pubs.oregon.gov/dogami/og/OGv44n09.pdf},
	author = {Gentile, John Richard}
}
@mastersthesis {36636,
	title = {The Delineation of Landslides in the Lincoln County, Oregon Coastal Zone},
	year = {1978},
	note = {{\textquotedblleft}A study conducted along the Lincoln County, Oregon coast delineated the exact location of 153 landslides. The landslides were found through the interpretation of aerial photographs.{\textquotedblright} The slides were mapped, analyzed and classified as ancient, historic or recent.  {\textquotedblleft}It was found that most landslides occur in conjunction with silt stone materials of Tertiary age. Areas with similar morphology but of sandstone materials are less likely to have landslides. Structurally, landslides occur in areas with steeply dipping Tertiary bedding planes or in areas with steep slopes such as river valleys. A large portion of the landslides in the study area occur at contact zones between Tertiary and Quaternary materials. Most of these slides are ancient, stable slides and are larger than other slides in the study area. The only active ancient landslides in the coastal zone take place in the Nye mudstones near Beverly Beach State Park.{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract) Appendices list slides, summarize their characteristics and show them on a map of the county.  This is a research paper taking the place of a thesis, {\textquotedblleft}in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE.{\textquotedblright} },
	pages = {36 p.},
	school = {Oregon State University},
	type = {Masters Thesis},
	edition = {M.S.},
	chapter = {Dept. of Geography},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {Agate Beach, Alsea Bay, Beaver Creek, Beverly Beach, Big Creek, Boiler Bay, Cape Foulweather, Cape Perpetua, coastal hazards, Depoe Bay (Or.), erosion, geography, geology, Jump-Off Joe, landslides, Lincoln City (Or.), Lincoln County (Or.), Lint Slough, Newport (Or.), Otter Rock, paleosciences, physical, Roads End, Seal Rock, Siletz Bay, theses, Waldport (Or.), Yachats (Or.), Yachats River, Yaquina Head},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_projects/x633f166m},
	author = {Gentile, John Richard}
}
@book {51561,
	title = {Potential Hatchery Sites on Oregon Coastal Streams:  Final Subproject Report},
	year = {1969},
	note = {Includes bw photographs of potential hatchery sites. Ranks possible sites.},
	publisher = {Bureau of Commercial Fisheries},
	organization = {Bureau of Commercial Fisheries},
	keywords = {streamflow, water quality, water temperature},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/ht24wk18c},
	author = {Skeesick, Delbert G. and Gaumer, Thomas F. and United States. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries,}
}
@article {27896,
	title = {Lincoln District},
	journal = {Oregon State Game Commission, Fishery Division.  Annual Report - Fishery Division},
	year = {1956},
	note = {Extensive statistics, including creel census data for Alsea, Siletz and Siuslaw rivers. Summer fishing on Yaquina Bay is analyzed. Includes a list of stream barriers and pollution incidents addressed during the year.},
	pages = {p.214-225},
	keywords = {Alsea River, Big Elk Creek, catch statistics, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Coho salmon =  Oncorhynchus kisutch, commercial fisheries, cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki, Depoe Bay, Devils Lake, Drift Creek, Five Rivers, hatcheries, Lobster Creek, North Fork Alsea River, population count, recreational fisheries, salmonid species, Schooner Creek, Siletz River, Siltcoos Lake, Siuslaw River, South Fork Alsea River, steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss, Tahkenitch Lake, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/th83m3608},
	author = {Gerlach, Arthur}
}
@article {51511,
	title = {Lincoln District},
	journal = {Oregon State Game Commission, Fishery Division.  Annual Report - Fishery Division},
	year = {1955},
	note = {Gives trout creel census data for the Yachats River. Reports on pollution caused by Lincoln County -- logs and brush dumped in the stream when clearing right of way for a bridge, and the subsequent removal of the debris by the County.},
	pages = {201-209},
	keywords = {Alsea River, Beaver Creek, Big Creek, catch statistics, Cedar Creek, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Coho salmon =  Oncorhynchus kisutch, cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki, dams, Devils Lake, Drift Creek, Euchre Creek, Fall Creek, Feagles Creek, Five Rivers, Gravel Creek, hatcheries, Little Lobster Creek, Lobster Creek, logging, Mill Creek, population count, recreational fisheries, salmonid species, Schooner Creek, Siletz River, Siuslaw River, South Fork Alsea River, steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss, Sunshine Creek, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/bg257f83v},
	author = {Gerlach, Arthur}
}
@article {38106,
	title = {North Coast - Lincoln District},
	journal = {Oregon State Game Commission, Fishery Division.  Annual Report - Fishery Division},
	year = {1954},
	note = {Statistical data, especially for Alsea and Siletz rivers.  Yaquina Bay was checked in the summer, and short coastal streams were spot-checked. Includes a brief report on potential dam sites on the Alsea River.  A list of stream barriers and pollution problems that were addressed is included.},
	pages = {p.180-191},
	keywords = {Alsea River, Big Creek, catch statistics, Cedar Creek (Siletz), Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Coho salmon =  Oncorhynchus kisutch, cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki, dams, Euchre Creek (Siletz), Fall Creek (Alsea), Five Rivers (Alsea), hatcheries, Lake Creek (Siuslaw), Little Lobster Creek (Alsea), Lobster Creek (Alsea), logging, Mill Creek (Siletz), North Fork Alsea River, population count, recreational fisheries, salmonid species, Siletz River, Siuslaw River, South Fork Alsea River, steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss, Sunshine Creek (Siletz), Tenmile Creek, Yachats River, Yaquina Bay},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/cj82kc79z},
	author = {Gerlach, Arthur}
}
@article {51506,
	title = {North Coast - Lincoln District},
	journal = {Oregon State Game Commission, Fishery Division.  Annual Report - Fishery Division},
	year = {1953},
	note = {"The report is concerned primarily with the collection and use of data concerning the fishery resources of the Alsea and Siletz Rivers." (p.306) "Beaver Creek and Yachats River have been stocked annually with rainbow and cutthroat trout but they have such short drainage systems that the fish do not remain therein for any length of time." (p.315)},
	pages = {p.306-321},
	keywords = {Alsea River, Big Creek, Buck Creek (Alsea), catch statistics, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha{\textquoteright}, Coho salmon =  Oncorhynchus kisutch, cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki, dams, Drift Creek (Siletz), Fall Creek (Siletz), Five Rivers (Alsea), hatcheries, Lake Creek (Siuslaw), Little Lobster Creek (Alsea), Lobster Creek (Alsea), logging, population count, Rainbow trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss, recreational fisheries, Salmon River, salmonid species, Scott Creek (Alsea), Siletz River, Siuslaw River, South Fork Alsea River, steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss, Tenmile Creek, Yachats River},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/j3860c16k},
	author = {Gerlach, Arthur}
}
@article {17951,
	title = {Summary, Coastal River Regulations, 1878-1950},
	year = {1953},
	note = {Gives the details of fishing regulations from 1878-1950, with a 1974 addendum by Robert E. Mullen for some streams. We learn, for example, that in 1891-1892 "No fixed gear to extend more than one-third distance across streams," or that Beaver Creek was "closed to commercial fishing following 1916."},
	keywords = {Alsea River, Beaver Creek, Chetco River, commercial fisheries, Coos Bay, Coquille River, Dover sole = Microstomus pacificus, Elk Creek, Elk River, environmental law and policy, Euchre Creek, Floras Creek, Hoquarton Slough, Hunters Creek, Kilchis River, Klamath River, Miami River, Neawanna Creek, Necanicum River, Nehalem River, Nestucca River, Netarts Bay, New River, Pacific herring =  Clupea pallasi, Pacific salmonids=Oncorhynchus species, Pistol River, recreational fisheries, Rogue River, Salmon River, Sand Lake, Shad = Alosa sapidissima, Siletz River, Siltcoos Creek, Siuslaw River, Sixes River, Smith River, Starry flounder = Platichthys stellatus, Striped Bass = Morone saxatilis, Tahkenitch Creek, Tenmile Creek, Tillamook River, Trask River, Umpqua River, Wilson River, Windchuck River, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	author = {Gharrett, J. T. (compiler)}
}
@article {38096,
	title = {North Coast - Lincoln District},
	journal = {Oregon State Game Commission, Fishery Division.  Annual Report - Fishery Division},
	year = {1952},
	note = {Numerous statistics, including creel census for the Siletz and Alsea Rivers.  At the time of the creel census, type of angling gear used was studied, as was its efficacy.  "The equipment providing the greatest catch per fisherman was flies on the Alsea River with 3.1 fish per angler and spinning tackle on the Siletz with 2.41 fish per angler." (p.237) Includes list of stream barriers and improvements.},
	pages = {231-239},
	keywords = {Alsea River, Beaver Creek, catch statistics, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Coho salmon =  Oncorhynchus kisutch, cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki, dams, Drift Creek, hatcheries, logging, population count, recreational fisheries, Salmon River, salmonid species, Schooner Creek, Siletz River, steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/xw42nd137},
	author = {Gerlach, Arthur}
}
@article {51476,
	title = {2387 Yachats Smelt Run [archival photograph]},
	year = {1950},
	note = {BW photograph taken in the 1950s.},
	keywords = {historical, Pacific smelt = Thaleichthys pacificus, photograph, Yachats (Or.)},
	url = {https://oregondigital.org/concern/images/df65vt18b?locale=en},
	author = {Grigsby, Roger}
}
